Cotton History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms

Etymology of Cotton

What does the name Cotton mean?

The name Cotton is of Anglo-Saxon origin and came from when a family lived in one of a number of similarly named settlements throughout England. Coton is found in Cambridgeshire, while Cotton was in Cheshire. There are places called Coatham in Durham and the North Riding of Yorkshire. Cotham is in Nottinghamshire. Settlements named Cottam exist in both Nottinghamshire and the East Riding of Yorkshire. All of these names stem from the Old English phrase æt cotum, which means at the cottages. Thus, the surname Cotton belongs to the class of topographic surnames, which were given to people who resided near physical features such as hills, streams, churches, or types of trees.

Early Origins of the Cotton family

The surname Cotton was first found in Huntingdonshire where the Cotton spelling is listed in the Domesday Book as resident of the Toseland hundred, in the land of the Bishop of Lincoln. 1 They were traditional Lords of the manor of Connington. The Coton spelling boasts no fewer than seven listing in the Domesday Book in various counties.

The first record of the name was found in the Hundredorum Rolls of 1273 where Robert de Cottone was listed in Cambridgeshire. The same rolls also listed Richard de Cottoune in the same shire, Ralph de Cotun in Northumberland and Richard de Cotton in Norfolk. 2

John Cotton (12th cent.?), “is the author of a valuable treatise on music, first printed by Gerbert in 1784. Of this work there are two manuscripts at Vienna, and one each at Leipzig, Paris, Rome, and Antwerp. A sixth, from which Gerbert printed his edition, was destroyed in the fire at St. Blasien in 1768. ” 3

Bartholomew de Cotton (d. 1298?), was an English “historian, a monk of Norwich, and probably a native of Cotton in Suffolk, but nothing is known of his life. ” 3

The parish of Denton in Huntingdonshire was the family seat of the family in later years.

“The church [of Denton] was partly rebuilt about 1665, by Sir John Cotton. Sir Robert Bruce Cotton, whose manuscripts are now in the British Museum, was born here in 1570.” 4

Over in Steeple Gidding another record of the family was found. “Here was a large mansion, the residence of the Cotton family; the avenue to it still remains, and some of the existing cottages are built of the materials which formed the stables.” 4

Cotton Spelling Variations

Sound was what guided spelling in the essentially pre-literate Middle Ages, so one person’s name was often recorded under several variations during a single lifetime. Also, before the advent of the printing press and the first dictionaries, the English language was not standardized. Therefore, spelling variations were common, even among the names of the most literate people. Known variations of the Cotton family name include Cotton, Coton, Cotten, Coten, Cottan, Kotton, Kotten, Koten, Kottan, Cottun, Cotun, Kotun, Kottun, Cottune, Cotune, Cottane, Cottain, Kottain, Kottaun, Cottaun, Kuttune, Cottone, Cottaune and many more.

Early Notables of the Cotton family

Distinguished members of the family include

• William Cotton (d. 1621), Bishop of Exeter, 1598 to 1621
• John Cotton (1585-1652), English clergyman, American settler in 1633 and became one of the most important New England Puritan ministers
• Sir Robert Bruce Cotton of Connington, 1st Baronet (1570-1631), English politician, founder of the Cotton or Cottonian library, an antiquarian and bibliophile, and was the basis of the British Library
• Sir Thomas Cotton, 2nd Baronet of Connington (1594-1662), an English politician
• Sir John Cotton, 3rd Baronet of Connington (1621-1702), an English landowner and politician, Member of Parliament for Huntingdon (1661-1679)
• Charles Cotton (1630-1687), an English poet and writer
• Sir Robert Cotton, 1st Baronet (c.1635-1712), English politician, Member of Parliament for Cheshire (1679-1681) and (1689-1702)
• Sir Robert Salusbury Cotton, 3rd Baronet (1695-1748), English politician